The first music sequencer, a programmable musical instrument, was an automated flute player invented by the Banu Musa brothers, described of their Book of Ingenious Devices, in the ninth century. He described four automaton musicians, together with two drummers operated by a programmable drum machine, the place the drummer could be made to play different rhythms and different drum patterns. The fort clock, a hydropowered mechanical astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari, was an early programmable analog computer. Wind-powered machines used to grind grain and pump water, the windmill and wind pump, first appeared in what are now Iran, Afghanistan and…
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